在Linux上借助Mono运行.NET：Bouncing Ball物理模拟与X11实战

[ Windows 系统: Visual Studio (csc.exe) ]
                 │
                 ▼ (CIL / IL 字节码)
         [ BouncingBall.exe ]
                 │
                 │ (直接传输至 Linux: scp / USB)
                 ▼
       [ Linux 操作系统环境 ]
                 │
                 ▼ `mono BouncingBall.exe`
       [ Mono JIT 编译器 ]
                 │
     ┌───────────┴───────────┐
     ▼                       ▼
[ x86_64 本地机器码 ]     [ libgdiplus -> X11 / Cairo ]
     │                       │
     ▼                       ▼
[ Linux 内核调度 ]        [ Linux 桌面图形窗口 ]

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace DigiLiner.MonoTest
{
    public class BouncingBallForm : Form
    {
        // 物理模拟核心参数
        private float ballX = 50f;
        private float ballY = 50f;
        private float velocityX = 4.5f;
        private float velocityY = 0f;
        private const float Gravity = 0.35f;
        private const float Elasticity = 0.82f; // 动能恢复系数（每次弹跳保留82%速度）
        private const int BallDiameter = 36;

        private Timer gameTimer;

        public BouncingBallForm()
        {
            // 窗口基础配置
            this.Text = "DigiLiner Mono Linux Compatibility Test (GDI+)";
            this.ClientSize = new Size(640, 480);
            this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.CenterScreen;
            this.BackColor = Color.FromArgb(24, 24, 27); // 现代深色背景

            // 启用双缓冲机制，消除 X11 窗口重绘闪烁
            this.SetStyle(ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint |
                          ControlStyles.UserPaint |
                          ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer, true);
            this.UpdateStyles();

            // 60 FPS 物理模拟循环（约 16 毫秒间隔）
            gameTimer = new Timer();
            gameTimer.Interval = 16;
            gameTimer.Tick += GameLoop_Tick;
            gameTimer.Start();
        }

        private void GameLoop_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // 1. 运动学物理位移计算
            velocityY += Gravity; // 叠加重力加速度
            ballX += velocityX;
            ballY += velocityY;

            // 2. 左右边界碰撞检测与反弹
            if (ballX <= 0)
            {
                ballX = 0;
                velocityX = -velocityX * Elasticity;
            }
            else if (ballX + BallDiameter >= this.ClientSize.Width)
            {
                ballX = this.ClientSize.Width - BallDiameter;
                velocityX = -velocityX * Elasticity;
            }

            // 3. 地面碰撞与动能损耗
            if (ballY + BallDiameter >= this.ClientSize.Height)
            {
                ballY = this.ClientSize.Height - BallDiameter;
                velocityY = -velocityY * Elasticity;

                // 速度阈值衰减（防止无限微小震颤）
                if (Math.Abs(velocityY) < 0.8f) velocityY = 0;
            }

            // 4. 顶部边界碰撞
            if (ballY <= 0)
            {
                ballY = 0;
                velocityY = -velocityY * Elasticity;
            }

            // 触发界面重绘
            this.Invalidate();
        }

        protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            base.OnPaint(e);
            Graphics g = e.Graphics;
            g.SmoothingMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.SmoothingMode.AntiAlias;

            // 绘制底部地面基准线
            using (Pen borderPen = new Pen(Color.FromArgb(71, 85, 105), 2))
            {
                g.DrawLine(borderPen, 0, this.ClientSize.Height - 1, this.ClientSize.Width, this.ClientSize.Height - 1);
            }

            // 绘制具备平滑边框与纯色填充的弹跳小球
            using (Brush ballBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(56, 189, 248)))
            using (Pen outlinePen = new Pen(Color.FromArgb(14, 165, 233), 2))
            {
                g.FillEllipse(ballBrush, ballX, ballY, BallDiameter, BallDiameter);
                g.DrawEllipse(outlinePen, ballX, ballY, BallDiameter, BallDiameter);
            }

            // 在窗口左上角输出实时运行诊断数据
            string debugText = $"坐标: X={ballX:F1}, Y={ballY:F1} | 垂直速度={velocityY:F2} | 运行时: Mono CLR";
            using (Font debugFont = new Font("DejaVu Sans", 9, FontStyle.Regular))
            using (Brush textBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(148, 163, 184)))
            {
                g.DrawString(debugText, debugFont, textBrush, 12, 12);
            }
        }

        [STAThread]
        public static void Main()
        {
            Application.EnableVisualStyles();
            Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
            Application.Run(new BouncingBallForm());
        }
    }
}

# 更新软件源索引
sudo apt update

# 安装完整的 Mono 运行时与 libgdiplus 图形支持库
sudo apt install mono-complete libgdiplus -y

# 验证运行时版本
mono --version

mono BouncingBallApp.exe